A number of databases allow for storage of GEOLocation data and queries.
There are a number of sources for point location data.
Geography is stored in the OSM / Open Street Map Dataset.
This dataset contains other data like theaters, airports etc.
There are also API's from a number of sources for place data from 4Square / FaceBook / Google etc.
If you have questions about how to implement please reach out.
Here is a site showing how we implemented it http://airportlookup.com/
Do a search for "great pyramid of giza" and see how you can have both Locations / Zipcodes / Placenames augmented with Local Datasets